Ink That Binds, Ink That Invites: October and the Two Kinds of Defence Paper
October brought a wave of signed defence documents in Türkiye. Some create obligations to deliver, pay and perform. Others only open the way to further talks.
The binding documents include contracts worth almost €4 billion between ASELSAN and the Presidency of Defence Industries, three ASELSAN export contracts, and the supply contract for the ÇAKIR cruise missile. The second group covers the Badr Memorandum between Türkiye, Qatar, Pakistan and Indonesia, a defence industry memorandum with Canada, HAVELSAN’s memorandum with Nigeria’s DICON, and the Turkic States’ plan for a joint Defence Industry College.
The October edition explains what each kind of document actually requires, including:
- how contract terms pass down to suppliers
- what a memorandum can still bind
- why buying used Eurofighters is a retransfer question
- why CAATSA relief remains announced rather than in force
Read the full briefing on LinkedIn


